On Energy Balance and Weight Control— Is a Calorie a Calorie?

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Is a calorie a calorie?

The aim of this review was to evaluate data regarding potential thermodynamic mechanisms for increased rates of weight loss in subjects consuming diets high in protein and/or low in carbohydrate. Studies that compared weight loss and energy expenditure in adults consuming diets high in protein and/or low in carbohydrate with those in adults consuming diets low in fat were reviewed. In addition,...

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Adipose tissue can no longer be regarded simply as an inert storage site in which fat formed in the liver or derived directly from the diet is deposited, and from which during fasting fat is ‘mobilized’ and ‘burned’ in the liver for energy. The use of substrates labelled with radioactive isotopes has established that these fat ‘stores’ are, in fact, constantly being turned over, and that most o...

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The central nervous regulation of calorie balance.

Durnin, J. V. G. A. (1961~). J . Physiol. (In the Press.) Durnin, J. V. G. A. (19616). P70C. Nutr. SOC. 20, ii. FAO: Committee on Calorie Requirements. (1950). F.A.O. nutr. Stud. no. 5. FAO: Second Committee on Calorie Requirements. (1957). F.A.O. nutr. Stud. no. 15. Johnson, R. E. & Kark, R. M. (1947). Science, 105, 378. Katsuki, S. (1960). Relative Metabolic Rate of Industrial Work in Japan, ...

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"A calorie is a calorie" violates the second law of thermodynamics

The principle of "a calorie is a calorie," that weight change in hypocaloric diets is independent of macronutrient composition, is widely held in the popular and technical literature, and is frequently justified by appeal to the laws of thermodynamics. We review here some aspects of thermodynamics that bear on weight loss and the effect of macronutrient composition. The focus is the so-called m...

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The first law of thermodynamics dictates that body mass remains constant when caloric intake equals caloric expenditure. It should be noted, however, that different diets lead to different biochemical pathways that are not equivalent when correctly compared through the laws of thermodynamics. It is inappropriate to assume that the only thing that counts in terms of food consumption and energy b...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: American Journal of Health Promotion

سال: 2021

ISSN: 0890-1171,2168-6602

DOI: 10.1177/08901171211016191c